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It is found that ZnO/Si nanojunctions show an improved interface when subjected to heat treatment. The recrystallization of ZnO and the tensile lattice strain of Si developed during the heating process contribute the enhancement of their photoresponses to white light. The photoluminescence (PL) measurement result of nano-heterojunction arrays with different parameters is discussed. ""During development and tissue repair, progenitor cells are guided by both biochemical and biophysical cues of their microenvironment, including topographical signals. The topographical cues have been shown to play an important role in controlling the fate of cells. Systematic investigation of topographical structures with different geometries Succimer and sizes under the identical experimental conditions on the same chip will enhance the understanding of the role of shape and size in cell�Ctopography interactions. A simple customizable multi-architecture buy AG-221 chip (MARC) array is therefore developed to incorporate, on a single chip, distinct topographies of various architectural complexities, including both isotropic and anisotropic features, in nano- to micrometer dimensions, with different aspect ratios and hierarchical structures. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replicas of MARC are used to investigate the influence of different geometries and sizes in neural differentiation of primary murine neural progenitor cells (mNPCs). RSL3 nmr Anisotropic gratings (2 ��m gratings, 250 nm gratings) and isotropic 1 ��m pillars significantly promote differentiation of mNPCs into neurons, as indicated by expression of ��-III-tubulin (59%, 58%, and 58%, respectively, compared to 30% on the control). In contrast, glial differentiation is enhanced on isotropic 2 ��m holes and 1 ��m pillars. These results illustrate that anisotropic topographies enhance neuronal differentiation while isotropic topographies enhance glial differentiation on the same chip under the same conditions. MARC enables simultaneous cost-effective investigation of multiple topographies, allowing efficient optimization of topographical and biochemical cues to modulate cell differentiation. ""A bio-inspired flexible pressure sensor is generated with high sensitivity (50.17 kPa?1), quick responding time (