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Analyses were performed using stata 11.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). Data were expressed as means?��?standard deviation (SD), median (interquartile range), or ranges. Clinical and demographic characteristics of participating asthmatics are presented in Table?1. After supplementation of natural-source d-��-tocopheryl acetate, Megestrol Acetate plasma concentrations of ��-tocopherol significantly increased [0.83?��?0.34 (0.2�C1.7) vs 1.6?��?0.6 (0.7�C3.2) mg/dl, before vs after treatment, mean?��?SD, range, P?www.selleckchem.com/products/umi-77.html of natural-source http://www.selleckchem.com/products/BIBF1120.html d-��-tocopheryl acetate (P?=?0.14) after adjusting for baseline FEV1, logarithm of all-PC20, and a nonlinear time trend. Unsurprisingly, only a trivial nonsignificant increase in baseline spirometric values after natural-source d-��-tocopheryl acetate was seen in this group of asthmatics who had normal baseline lung function. The percentages of eosinophils and neutrophils in BAL cells increased both before and after treatment with natural-source d-��-tocopheryl acetate. A small but significant reduction in the percentage of allergen-provoked lymphocytes occurred after natural-source d-��-tocopheryl acetate (Table?2). Allergen increased BAL fluid concentrations of the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and the Th1 cytokine IFN-��. After natural-source d-��-tocopheryl acetate, allergen failed to increase IL-4 levels in BAL. There was a significant difference between the allergen-stimulated IL-4 levels before and after natural-source d-��-tocopheryl acetate. A nonstatistically significant trend toward diminution of allergen-stimulated IL-5 and IL-13 levels was also found. In addition, natural-source d-��-tocopheryl acetate significantly reduced allergen-provoked concentrations of IL-3. In contrast, natural-source d-��-tocopheryl acetate increased BAL levels of the Th1 cytokine, IL-12. Nonstatistically significant elevation of IFN-�� was noted (Table?3).