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With S. maritima both parameters showed an increase in their relative fluorescence with increasing dissolved CO2. The quantum learn more yield of the non-photochemical reactions (��Do) decreased only in S. maritima with increasing CO2. Figure?4. OJIP-driven photochemical parameters in the two tested species under light and dark conditions, at different levels of dissolved CO2 (average �� standard deviation, n = 9. Letters indicate significant differences among CO2 treatments at P AZD0530 (ABS/CS) or trapped (TR/CS) energy fluxes. On the other hand, the energy fluxes for electron transport diglyceride (ET/CS) in S. maritima showed a marked increase upon CO2 supplementation, while H. portulacoides leaves did not show any significant difference in this parameter or in the dissipated energy fluxes (DI/CS). Spartina maritima, on the other hand, showed a marked reduction in the dissipated energy values at above-ambient CO2 concentrations. This analysis also provided insights on the connectivity between the PSII antennae and thus the PSII-harvesting efficiency (PG). While in H. portulacoides the increase of the antennae connectivity only occurred at the highest tested CO2 concentrations, in S. maritima this could be observed in all CO2 levels above ambient concentrations. Figure?6. Photosystem II antennae connectivity (PG) and energy fluxes on a leaf cross-section basis, in the leaves of the two tested species under light and dark conditions, at different levels of dissolved CO2 (average �� standard deviation, n = 9. Letters ... Antioxidant enzymatic activities Antioxidant enzymatic defences are presented in Fig.?7. Halimione portulacoides showed a marked increase in both CAT and SOD activities with increasing dissolved CO2 supply and in S. maritima leaves there was a decreasing trend in APx and GPx activities along with increasing dissolved CO2.