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2008; Vingerhoets et?al. 2008; Clemens et?al. 2011). We fit psychometric curves to these data (see Methods) to obtain quantitative measures for the bias and response variability. As indicated by the vertical dashed line, the point of subjective equality is near veridical in both patient and control. Response variability is captured by the width of the curve. The increased width of the psychometric curve for the 90�� tilt angle indeed captures the observation that response variability is larger for the 90�� reference orientation than at upright. The right-hand panels of Fig.?Fig.22 illustrate the psychometric data and subsequent fits for the response data of the SVV task. Both the patient and control subject are unbiased in the upright conditions; response variability seems smaller than in the SBT task. The fits confirm both observations. For the 90�� tilt angle, Adenosine there is Tanespimycin cost a clear systematic bias, as if both patient and control underestimate their tilt angle. The patient further shows a larger bias than the control subject. Performance at this angle is also marked by increased response variability compared to the upright position, as in the SBT task. The patient's variability is also slightly larger than that of the control subject, whose response pattern matches with previous reports (Bisdorff et?al. 1996). The fitted psychometric curves indicate that patient and control perform generally similar, with slight differences at 90�� tilt. No significant differences between vestibular patients and healthy controls in SBT task Figure?Figure33 depicts the summary statistics (mean and SE) across the six patients and six control subjects, generalizing the observations described in Fig.?Fig.2.2. http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Pazopanib-Hydrochloride.html We subjected bias and response variability values, as obtained from the psychometric fits, to a univariate ANOVA with factors angle (0�� and 90��) and group (patients and controls). For the SBT, there was no difference in bias between patients and controls (F(1,5)?=?0.005, P?=?0.95). A significant effect of angle was observed (F(1,5)?=?20.11, P?=?0.006), which can be explained by the small (patients: ?5.7?��?7.0, controls: ?5.3?��?5.6), but systematic, underestimation at 90��. There was no interaction effect between group and angle (F(1,5)?=?0.009, P?=?0.93) Response variability was higher for the RED compared to the upright condition (F(1,5)?=?16.11, P?=?0.01), but no effect of group (F(1,5)?=?0.20, P?=?0.68) or interaction between group and angle (F(1,5)?=?0.036, P?=?0.86) was observed. Figure 3 Mean bias and response variability at the upright and 90�� roll tilt in both the SBT and SVV task. Error bars denote the standard error across subjects. * indicates P?