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As described in our previous reports,17,18 Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with a log-rank test was performed with surgical failure as the end point in Experiment 1. IOP levels were compared between groups, or between different time points, by two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, IOP levels were compared between different time points by one-way repeated measures ANOVA. The release rate of PTX from films was compared between groups by two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The size of the avascular area in the bleb was compared between groups by one-way ANOVA. A post-hoc analysis of ANOVA was performed with the Bonferroni test. The scores of fibrosis and vascularity in the subconjunctival tissue determined from histological selleck chemical sections were compared at 4 weeks after surgery between four groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Steel-Dwass post-hoc analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (Version 13.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). For all analyses, P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results No intraoperative complications occurred in any animals and, therefore, no animals were excluded from this study. Experiment 1 (4-Week Follow-Up): Results of Filtration Surgery Postoperative IOP was significantly lower than baseline in all groups (Fig. 1). In addition, postoperative IOP course was significantly different between the four groups (P RHOBTB1 0.001). Surgical failure occurred in two of five eyes at 3 weeks after surgery in the control group. In these two failed eyes, there was less than 20% IOP reduction in two consecutive measurements and the filtration space disappeared in UBM images. In contrast, no eyes with PTX failed. Bleb survival was not significantly different between the four groups (P = 0.096). Figure 1 IOP changes over time in each treatment group. Postoperative IOP was significantly lower than baseline in all groups (P IOP Gefitinib price course was significantly different between the four groups (P