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The analysis of inflammation markers showed significantly higher levels of IL-6 and sCD40L in the MI patients with DM and IGT. Additionally, the IGT patients had significantly higher IL-12 levels compared with the patients with normal blood glucose (Table 7). Table 7 Inflammation markers in STEMI patients with regard to carbohydrate metabolism disorders The odds ratios (OR) were calculated to determine the factors that implicate a poor 1-year failure, including, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, high levels of inflammation markers (TNF-��, IL-12, and IL-6) at days 10�C14 from MI onset, admission glucose levels of >7.8 mmol/L, and recurrent in-hospital Selleck Ivacaftor MI. In the diabetic MI patients, the OR of a poor 1-year outcome was high for patients with a high Killip class of acute heart failure upon admission, a history of chronic heart failure, LV dysfunction, and high IL-12 levels. In the IGT group, the factors associated with adverse outcomes were a history of angina pectoris, admission glucose levels of >7.8 mmol/L, and high IL-12 levels (Table 8). Prognostically unfavorable levels of inflammation markers and glucose were calculated, along with the most optimal sensitivity and specificity. Table 8 Factors associated with poor 1-year outcome For all STEMI patients, the OR of a poor 1-year outcome was significant if PCI was not performed. The OR method was also used to compare the efficacy of endovascular revascularization in the study groups. To this end, the STEMI patients that underwent PCI were considered Imatinib supplier to be the exposed subgroup, and the controlled event �C the incidence of which depended on the exposing factor �C was the occurrence of end points within the 1-year follow-up period. The data presented in this study showed that revascularization procedures in the acute MI phase helped to optimize the 1-year outcome in all of the three patient groups (OR =0.33, POxymatrine group]; and OR =0.20, P=0.022 [IGT group]). However, the efficacy of PCI was much higher in both the ITG and in the DM groups than in the normal blood glucose patients. Discussion First, DM MI patients were more effectively treated than were those with normal blood glucose. This effect was likely due to the higher absolute risk for cardiovascular events in DM MI patients, which results in a higher therapeutic benefit.19 However, the negative impact of DM on the outcomes of MI patients should also be considered when PCI is performed, which has also been demonstrated in this manuscript.5 Indeed, despite encouraging results, a history of DM remains a risk factor for early and late events after primary PCI.6 DM patients have been proven to have a high risk of restenosis and repeat revascularization.20 DM patients have higher rates of atherosclerosis progression both in revascularized and nonrevascularized areas.