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Although NPPV was immediately initiated, he couldn't tolerate NPPV due to delirium. DEX was, therefore, initiated on 0.2?��g/kg/hour, to decrease RASS score from +1 to ?2. His blood pressure and heart rate slightly decreased. His respiratory conditions were improved. Conclusion?This study indicated that dexmedetomidine was effective and safe for patients with AE-CRF in need of NPPV and may be a unique option for sedating selleck compound such patients. MARIA NINA F. BANQUE, MA. DULCE R. SY, MA. NERISSA A. DE LEON, MILAGROS S. BAUTISTA, MA. ENCARNITA B. LIMPIN Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section of Pediatric Pulmonology Philippine Heart Center, Diliman Quezon City, Philippines Background?Predicting the risks of developing postoperative pulmonary complications in infants and young children undergoing cardiothoracic surgery has always been a challenge. This study proposed a risk stratification method for postoperative pulmonary complications among children 6 years old and below who will undergo cardiothoracic surgery. Methodology?We prospectively followed 286 children, aged 6 years old and below, who underwent cardiothoracic surgery from September-March 2013. Preoperative risk factors included age, gender, weight, cardiac diagnosis, type of surgery, history of respiratory tract infection and reactive airways disease and the need for preoperative mechanical ventilation. Laboratory data included complete blood count, blood gas, serum albumin, bleeding parameters,2D echocardiogram and tidal breathing analysis. eltoprazine ASA and RACHS-1 scoring were also included. Primary outcome measure is postoperative pulmonary complication and secondary outcome measures included duration of postop mechanical ventilation, recovery room and PICU stay, overall length of postoperative hospital stay and death. Results?Two hundred eighteen (76%) out of the 286 children developed postoperative pulmonary complications, with atelectasis, pneumonia and air leaks as the most frequent complication noted. Among the clinical variables analyzed, 14 variables were independent predictors of postoperative pulmonary complications: age GW3965 and reactive airways disease, use of mechanical ventilation preop, pulmonary hypertension, pH?7.45, pO2 10, neutrophils >39.5, lymphocytes